A person or organization that formally gives out something

• One who publishes, emits, or distributes official items or statements

正式发放某物的个人或机构

• 负责签发、发布或公布文件与声明的一方

A company or government that creates and sells securities

• The party responsible for issuing stocks, bonds, or other instruments

发行并出售证券的公司或政府主体

• 负责发行股票、债券等金融工具的一方

A bank or company that issues and manages payment cards

• The institution that authorizes, bills, and services cardholders

发行并管理支付卡的银行或机构

• 负责持卡人授权、清算与服务的机构