A clergy member assigned to provide pastoral care within an institution, organization, or private chapel.

• Serves settings like hospitals, prisons, schools, the military, or workplaces.

被指派在机构、组织或私人礼拜场所提供牧灵关怀的宗教人士。

• 常见于医院、监狱、学校、军队或工作场所。

A person without formal religious affiliation who offers comparable spiritual or emotional support in secular contexts.

• Provides counseling, rituals, or care respecting diverse beliefs.

无特定宗教隶属、在世俗环境中提供类似心灵或情感支持的人士。

• 提供辅导、仪式或关怀，尊重多元信仰。